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DOI: 10.5958/0976-4666.2015.00030.3
Growth and Export Performance of Ginger in India– An
Economic Analysis
V. Karthick 1* , T. Alagumani 2 and A. Anbarassan 3
1,3 Department of Agricultural Economics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India- 641 003,
2 Department of Market Extension, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India- 641 003.
*Corresponding author: karthickecon@gmail.com
Paper No. 213
Received: 11 January 2015
Accepted: 10 May 2015
ABSTRACT
Indiaisrightlycalledas“spicebowloftheworld”foritsproductionofvarietyandsuperiorqualityofspices.Indianagriculture
has to face competitiveness in international trade for each commodity due to liberalisation and agreement of WTO. Spices
are the major exports from India and it is generally expected that trade policies would influence the spice trade. In the area of
exportgingeroccupiesfifthpositionintermsofqualityandsixthpositioninexportearningsamongthespices.Inrecentyears,
therehavebeenupsanddownsinexportofgingerfromIndia.Thissituationcalledforadetailedstudy.Hencethisstudywas
conductedtoanalyzegrowthandexportperformanceofgingerinIndia.Therequireddatacollectedfortheperiodof29years.
The objectives are analyzed with nominal protection coefficient and growth rate analysis. The growth rate between pre
and post-WTO period in terms of area and production were positive. The export growth of post WTO period in terms of
quantity and values were found to be not significant and declining but unit price value were found to be significant and
positive. Nominal protection coefficient was found to be more than one indicates the non profitability of export.
Keywords : Ginger, Export performance, Compound Growth Rate, Nominal Protection Coefficient
India is known for spice production and export all
share of which is exported. Nearly 30 per cent of
over the world. Other countries export spices are
total production is converted into dry ginger, while
China, Japan, Indonesia, Australia, Nigeria, West
half of the production is consumed as green ginger
Indies islands, Malaysia, Pakistan, Spain, Egypt and
and the remaining is used as seed materials. Country
Tanzania. The share of spices to our country’s export
wise production of ginger is presented in Table1. It
earning was 1.24 per cent and its share in agricultural
is evident from the table that India ranks second
and allied product was 8.5%. From India spices like
in terms of production followed by China in 2009.
pepper, ginger, turmeric, chilli, tejpat, small and
Though India’s ginger production was the highest in
large cardamom, coriander, cumin and garlic etc are
the world its share in the export was found to be less
produced and exported. Ginger is one of the spices
than 10 percent.
that support large number of farmers in the states of
Kerala, Karnataka, Arunachal Pradesh, Orissa, West
World Trade of Ginger – A Scenario
Bengal, Sikkim and Madhya Pradesh. Kerala ranks
World trade in ginger is estimated at $258 million
first in ginger production and nearly 1/3 production
in 2008-09. India’s share in ginger trade which was
is from this state. The two popular varieties of
15.08 percent in 1997-98 had declined to 2.8 per
Indian ginger in the international market are Cochin
cent in 2008-09. While China’s share had increased
Ginger (NUGC) and Calicut Ginger (NUBK) Ginger.
to around 70 per cent. In ginger oil and oleoresin
It is available in four forms such as oil, oleoresins,
trade India’s share was high. Cochin ginger is
ground ginger and fresh ginger. Fresh ginger is used
popular and it fetches a premium price because of
as vegetable produced mainly in Kerala, a major
its superior quality. USA, Bangladesh, UK and Spain