Production of Exopolysaccharide

Fig 11(c). Fig 11(c): Effect of initial Al +2 on Al removal efficiency using fungal isolates SGMP1 and SGMP2

Analysis of EPS as emulsifier

Effect of initial Fe +3 /Al +3 on Fe/Al removal using fungal

isolates

The emulsifying activity of EPS is determined by its

strength of retaining the emulsion of the hydrocarbon

The maximum Fe removal 87% and 92% were found at

in water (Mathur et al., 2010; Jagtap et al., 2010). EPS

high concentration 600 mg/l for SGMP1 and SGMP2

produce from SGMP1 and SGMP2 fungal culture showed

fungal isolates, respectively (Fig. 11(b)). 82.24% and

emulsifying activity against coconut oil, sesum oil and

84.84% of Fe +3 removal was reported in Plerotus sajor-

cotton oil.

raju and Plerotus floridianus respectively (Prasad

and Raleganker, 2013). As shown in (Fig. 11(c)), the

Various metal removals efficiency determination using

maximum Al removal 84 % and 90 % were found at

fungal isolates

600 mg/l concentration of Al +3 for SGMP1 and SGMP2

The metal removal efficiency was analyzed using

fungal isolates, respectively. Agaricus campester has

been most effective in aluminum removal. Omeike et al.,

different metal salts (K ₂ Cr O , AlCl and FeSO ). The Cr

2

7

2

4

removal efficiency was 34 % and 50 % at the 100 mg/ml

(2013) reported that Aspergillus oryzae was removed 45

concentration of Cr +6 for the fungal isolates SGMP1 and

% of Al at 10-20 mg/l concentration of Al +3 .

SGMP2, respectively. The fungal isolates SGMP1 and

SGMP2 were removed 100 % and 77% of Al +3 . However,

Conclusions

both the isolates remove 66 % and 81 % of the Fe +3 at the

Mushrooms are known to be a potential producer of

same concentration (Fig. 11(a)).

EPS. The OFAT method was carried out to determine

Bishnoi et al., (2007) reported that Cr +4 removal of

the effect of carbon source, nitrogen source pH and

Trichoderma viride was 16.06 mg/l. Toxic metals bind

incubation period for mycelial biomass and EPS

to biofilm exopolymers, and facilitating metal transport

production. The FTIR analysis of EPS showed the

and ameliorating metal toxicity. Thus, binding of heavy

presence of polysaccharides, carboxylic acids and

metals by EPS is thought to be an important mechanism

lactones group. The fungal EPS gave antimicrobial and

in the natural detoxification of heavy metal contaminated

antioxidant activities. The EPS produced by the fungal

sites (Salehizadeh and Shojaosadati, 2003).

isolate showed flocculating activity and could also act as

emulsifier. The fungal isolate SGMP1 and SGMP2 were

able to remove Al +3 and Fe +3 which shows that EPS use

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