Sarkar et al.
increasesȱinȱdemandȱforȱfishȱandȱseafoodȱthroughoutȱ program,ȱ cultureȱ practicesȱ andȱ theirȱ impactȱ onȱ
theȱworld.ȱItȱisȱgrowingȱmoreȱrapidlyȱthanȱanyȱotherȱ socioeconomicȱdevelopmentȱwereȱalsoȱstudied.ȱTheyȱ
segmentȱ ofȱ theȱ animalȱ cultureȱ industry.ȱ Inȱ manyȱ suggestedȱthatȱcommunityȱtanksȱhaveȱtheȱpotentialȱ
partsȱ ofȱ Asia,ȱ small-scale,ȱ lowȱ inputȱ aquacultureȱ forȱ increasingȱ fishȱ productionȱ throughȱ communityȱ
technologiesȱ areȱ seenȱ asȱ anȱ importantȱ toolȱ forȱ participatoryȱfishȱculture.ȱDasȱandȱGoswamiȱ(2002)ȱ
improvingȱfoodȱsecurity,ȱespeciallyȱinȱareasȱwhereȱ hasȱ studiedȱ onȱ theȱ presentȱ statusȱ ofȱ fishȱ cultureȱ
thereȱisȱaȱshortageȱofȱfreshȱfishȱ(MarutaniȱandȱBrownȱ beingȱ practicedȱ byȱ theȱ ruralȱ farmers.ȱ Studyȱ wasȱ
2014,ȱ Salamaȱ andȱ Murrayȱ 2011).ȱ Inȱ Bangladesh,ȱ conductedȱinȱfourȱvillagesȱofȱtwoȱdistrictsȱofȱcentralȱ
severalȱ projectsȱ haveȱ beenȱ undertakenȱ toȱ assistȱ Assam,ȱviz.,ȱNagaonȱandȱMorigaon.ȱAsȱfishȱcultureȱ
farmerȱ adoptȱ fishȱ cultureȱ inȱ smallȱ waterȱ bodiesȱ inȱ inȱtheȱsmallȱpondsȱcanȱbeȱoperatedȱwithȱresourcesȱ
andȱaroundȱtheirȱhomesteadsȱ(Beltonȱ et al. 2012).
availableȱ withinȱ theȱ family,ȱ thereȱ wasȱ anȱ excellentȱ
TheȱstateȱofȱAssamȱcoversȱaboutȱ30ȱperȱcentȱofȱtheȱ
opportunityȱforȱtheȱdevelopmentȱofȱsmall-scaleȱfishȱ
Northȱ Easternȱ Regionȱ ofȱ India,ȱ whichȱ hasȱ anȱ areaȱ
cultureȱenterpriseȱ(AguadoȱandȱRuizȱ2012,ȱMastersȱ
ofȱ 78438ȱ km 2 ȱ andȱ isȱ locatedȱ betweenȱ 21.570°Nȱ –ȱ
et al. 2013,ȱZhaoȱ et al. 2013).ȱAnȱattemptȱwasȱmadeȱ
29.30°Nȱ latitudeȱ andȱ 89.460Eȱ –ȱ 97.30°Eȱ longitude.ȱ
byȱDasȱ(2002)ȱtoȱintroduceȱtheȱfarmers’ȱparticipatoryȱ
Riceȱ andȱ fishȱ areȱ theȱ twoȱ basicȱ itemsȱ inȱ theȱ dietȱ
small-scaleȱ aquacultureȱ extensionȱ programȱ inȱ theȱ
ofȱ theȱ Assameseȱ people.ȱ Forȱ 95%ȱ ofȱ them,ȱ fishȱ isȱ
villagesȱ ofȱ theȱ Amsoiȱ areaȱ inȱ Nagaonȱ districtȱ ofȱ
anȱ importantȱ proteinȱ richȱ food.ȱ Assamȱ currentlyȱ
Assam,ȱ underȱ anȱ innovativeȱ schemeȱ ofȱ theȱAssamȱ
producesȱaboutȱ159000ȱtonsȱofȱfishȱfromȱallȱsourcesȱ
RuralȱInfrastructureȱandȱAgricultureȱServiceȱProjectȱ
annuallyȱasȱagainstȱanȱestimatedȱannualȱdemandȱofȱ
(ARIASP,ȱWorldȱBank)ȱforȱthreeȱyearsȱstartingȱfromȱ
250000ȱtons.ȱTheȱdemandȱisȱestimatedȱtoȱincreaseȱtoȱ
1998.ȱTheȱprimaryȱobjectivesȱofȱthisȱpilotȱprojectȱwereȱ
320000ȱtonsȱinȱtheȱnearȱfuture.ȱTheȱstateȱofȱAssamȱ
toȱ developȱ appropriateȱ technologiesȱ forȱ theȱ targetȱ
inȱnorth-easternȱIndiaȱhasȱanȱexcellentȱsub-tropicalȱ
communityȱandȱtoȱcreateȱaȱfarmer-basedȱextensionȱ
climateȱ forȱ theȱ developmentȱ ofȱ freshȱ waterȱ fishȱ
system.
cultureȱinȱaȱvarietyȱofȱaquaticȱbodies.ȱAquacultureȱ Further,ȱ Hortleȱ (2007)ȱ reportedȱ aȱ regionalȱ studyȱ
notȱonlyȱplaysȱanȱimportantȱroleȱinȱnutritionȱbutȱalsoȱ givingȱoverviewȱofȱproductionȱlevels,ȱconsumptionȱ
inȱtheȱruralȱeconomyȱofȱtheȱState.
levelsȱofȱfisheries.ȱDescriptiveȱstatisticsȱwereȱusedȱinȱ
Forȱ betterȱ understandingȱ ofȱ theȱ fishȱ cultivationȱ
methodologiesȱasȱtheȱdata’sȱwereȱcollectedȱfromȱoverȱ
atȱaȱplace,ȱitȱisȱimportantȱtoȱhaveȱaȱsurveyȱofȱthatȱ
20ȱdifferentȱsurveys.ȱJahanȱ et al. ȱ(2010)ȱcollectedȱdataȱ
place.ȱTheȱoutcomeȱofȱthisȱtypeȱofȱsurveyȱsometimesȱ
fromȱ 225ȱ farmersȱ inȱ 2001-05ȱ forȱ theȱ Developmentȱ
suggestsȱ veryȱ importantȱ informationȱ aboutȱ theȱ
ofȱ Sustainableȱ Aquacultureȱ Projectȱ (DSAP)ȱ toȱ
economicȱstatusȱofȱfarmersȱinȱthatȱlocalityȱ(Zalkuwȱ
calculateȱtheȱimpactȱofȱaquacultureȱprojectsȱonȱfishȱ
et al. 2014).ȱ Forȱ exampleȱ toȱ understandȱtheȱ impactȱ
consumptionȱ (usingȱ aȱ before/after,ȱ with/withoutȱ
ofȱdifferentȱtypeȱofȱfishȱcultivationȱonȱtheȱfarmer’sȱ
trial),ȱcalculatedȱinȱtermsȱofȱannualȱperȱcapitaȱfish.ȱ
economicȱcondition,ȱitȱisȱimportantȱtoȱhaveȱaȱsurvey.ȱ
Theyȱ alsoȱ madeȱ calculationsȱ forȱ theȱ consumptionȱ
Inȱtheȱpastȱfewȱyears,ȱlotȱofȱresearchȱhasȱbeenȱdoneȱ
ofȱotherȱfoodstuffs,ȱandȱrecordȱtheȱtypesȱofȱfishȱthatȱ
forȱruralȱIndiaȱwhichȱisȱentirelyȱbasedȱonȱsurveyȱofȱ
areȱ consumed.ȱAllisonȱ (2011)ȱ collectedȱ theȱ dataȱ ofȱ
anȱ area.ȱ Goswamiȱ et al. (1999)ȱ reportedȱ aboutȱ fishȱ
relationshipȱbetweenȱexportȱtradeȱandȱnationalȱfishȱ
farmingȱthroughȱcommunityȱparticipationȱinȱAssam.ȱ
proteinȱsupplyȱ(notȱmicro-nutrients)ȱfromȱFAOȱforȱ
Theȱstudyȱwasȱdoneȱforȱfishȱcultureȱinȱtheȱcommunityȱ
theȱ yearȱ ofȱ 1976-2007.ȱ Deyȱ andȱAhmedȱ (2005)ȱ andȱ
tankȱ inȱ Lahkimpurȱ districtȱ andȱ fiveȱ villagesȱ ofȱ
Jahanȱ et al. ȱ (2010) conductedȱ theȱ micro-studiesȱ onȱ
Darangȱ district,ȱ Assamȱ duringȱ January-Julyȱ 1999ȱ
pro-aquacultureȱ projectsȱ toȱ improveȱ incomesȱ andȱ
throughȱpersonalȱinterviewsȱinȱfiveȱvillagesȱinvolvedȱ
consumptionȱ forȱ participantȱ householdsȱ onȱ theirȱ
inȱ fishȱ culture.ȱ Theȱ communityȱ tankȱ developmentȱ
respectedȱcountries.ȱBeneȱ et al. ȱ(2003,ȱ2009)ȱandȱItamȱ
et al. (2014)ȱconductedȱmicro-levelȱstudiesȱrevealingȱ
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