Int. J. Bioinformatics and Biological Sci.: v.2 n.1&2, p. 85-94. March and June 2014

Best Parameters for assessment of anti-Rheumatoid

arthritic Drugs is EcHo moDEL

(Economical, clinical and Humanistic outcome)

S.K. Prajapati* 1 S. tripathy 2 and a. Kumar 3

1,2 Maharana Pratap College of Pharmacy, Kanpur, U.P., 209217, INDIA

3 Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan- 302006, INDIA

*Corresponding author: S.K. Prajapati, clinical.sunil@gmail.com

abstract

Physicians are always in dilemma for selection of the right parameters to assess

anti-rheumatoid arthritis drugs. Any single parameter is incapable to reveal the

efficacy safety and cost-effectiveness of anti-rheumatoid arthritis drugs.

Therefore a group of parameters are obligatory to assessment of anti-

rheumatoid arthritis drugs. Here the best parameters are mentioned in ECHO

model (Economical, Clinical and Humanistic outcome) for best assessment of

anti-rheumatoid arthritis drugs.

Keywords: Rheumatiod Arthiritis, Economical analysis, Clinical analysis and

Humanistic analysis or outcomes

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic auto-immune disease, with a main

characteristic of persistent joint inflammation that results in joint damage and

loss of function (Henk, 2005). The predominant symptoms are pain, stiffness, and

swelling of peripheral joints. The clinical course of the disorder is extremely

variable, ranging from mild, self-limiting arthritis to rapidly progressive

multi-system inflammation with profound morbidity and mortality (David et

al., 2001).

Economics outcome

cost to society: The majority of cost associated with RA is the indirect cost

associated with work disability, which increase the disease duration. The average

annual indirect costs is US$ 9,700 and direct costs of RA amount to an average

of US$ 5,400, per affected individual per year (Yelin, 2003) and are estimated to

range from US$ 6,500 to more than US$ 1, 30,000 per affected individual over the

course of a lifetime (Wong et al., 2001). Over a lifetime, work disability cost range

from US$ 2, 22,500 to US$ 3, 7000 per affected individual (Wong, Ramey, Singh,