Singh et al.

Paravatham (2013) obtained similar observations in which maximum α- amylase

production was produced by yeast extract followed by peptonewhich might be due

to changes in C/N ratio.The observed results are also in concurrence with the work

reported by Ashgar et al. (2007) for Bacillus subtilis JS2004 who have reported

yeast extract as the best nitrogen supplement for α- amylase production.The

nitrogen is metabolized to produce primary amino acids, nucleic acids, proteins

and cellular components. Low levels of nitrogen are inadequate for enzyme

production whereas excess nitrogen can equally be detrimental causing a complete

inhibition of enzyme production.Hassan and Karim (2012) also observed similar

effect when yeast extract was supplemented as the additional nitrogen source. El-

Shishtawy et al. (2014) also reported induced α- amylase production by adding

yeast extract.Similar observation was also reported by Aiyer (2004), where

supplementation of peptone has an influence on α- amylase production by Bacillus

licheniformis SPT 278. This finding is also supported by Bhargava et al. (2008)

that nutrient supplementation from organic sources increased enzyme production

to a greater extent.Yeast extract is undefined media which contain high nutritional

amino acids and compatible nitrogen and carbon sources to support the growth of

Bacillus subtilis. Noreen et al. (2002) have reported that Bacillus subtilis produced

increased yield of α- amylase by supplementing 0.1% yeast extract. Rameshkumar

and Sivasudha (2011) observed enhanced amylase production by Bacillus subtilis

MAFE 118079 when 1% peptone as nitrogen source was added additionally into

the medium.

Table 9: Production of alpha amylase by Bacillus licheniformis due to additional Inorganic

nitrogen sources supplementation

S.No

Inorganic Nitrogen source

Enzyme activity(IU)

1.

Control

155.10

2.

Ammonium nitrate(0.15M)

132.65

3.

Sodium nitrate(0.15M)

121.42

4.

Ammonium chloride(0.15M)

172.36

5.

Ammonium Sulphate (0.15M)

144.84

Fcal =270.33 > Ftab =11.25 at 1% (S)

Effect of additional Inorganic nitrogen sources supplemented on alpha amylase

production by Bacillus licheniformis under SSF condition

Various inorganic nitrogen sources namely ammoinium nitrate, sodium nitrate,

ammonium chloride, ammonium sulphate were investigated for the production

α- amylase by using Bacilluslicheniformis. Among all the inorganic sources,

maximum enzyme production was recorded due to ammonium chloride at 0.15M

220

International Journal of Bioinformatics and Biological Sciences : v.2 n.3&4. Dec. 2014