Issues of Migration in Nagaland

and out migration in the state. The article concludes with certain policy implication

to check migration in the state.

Data Base and Methodology

The study has been conducted based on the perception recorded through primary

survey and secondary data. The perception of the residents has been collected

through personal interview and secondary data has been collected from different

published sources such as Statistical Hand Book published by Government of

Nagaland, NSSO etc..

Results and Discussion

Though migration is caused by political, social and economic factors around the

globe, migration in the state can be mostly attributed to economic factors. The causes

of migration in the state are explained by analysing wage difference, employment,

urbanisation and the effectiveness of Inner Line permits.

Wage differences among the labourer of different region and areas are the

main contributing factor to migration around the globe.As mentioned earlier people

from India migrates to other countries because they get better incentives than their

home country. As for the Naga’s, before the advent of modernisation and development,

the people lived in a somewhat close village economy and there was no question of

wage differences. During the pre-modern development period the only work for the

Naga people was only agricultural related activities where the works were bartered

among the age groups and neighbours. But with the advent of modernisation and

development the diversification of work has increased. However, the density of

population being low in the state, it has to depend on other people to survive. But

what makes migration in the state more rapid during the recent years is because of

the wage differences between the local labourer and migrant labourer. To substantiate

the aforementioned point, it will be better to look at the wage differences within the

state between the migrant casual workers and local casual workers at a close range.

It is a fact that to employ a local worker for a piece of work for a day, it will not only

cost ` 350 per person per day on an average (current labour hiring charge) but will

also have to provide lunch and tea to the workers. So if we calculate the whole cost

of employing one local worker, it will come to around ` 500 per person per day. On

the contrary, if one hire’s a migrant workers, the cost of labour will be between

` 250 to ` 300 per person per day (at current rate) and nothing else. Sometimes, the

migrant workers can also be paid ` 200 per person per day depending on the capability

of a person to bargain. Thus, it is for these reasons that the demand for migrant

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