Issues of Migration in Nagaland

casual workers lands up as drivers, wood cutters, stone cutters and quarrying thereby

missing out the art of learning the working technique of those jobs.

Entrepreneurship which is defined as the process of starting a business or other

organization is another interesting sector to look at it. The Naga’s who lived in a

closed village economy before the arrival of Britishers has not yet cultivated the art

of doing business. Though the land and buildings belong to the native in the state,

almost all (about ninety percent) of the business establishment from grocery shops

in all the district headquarters are being run by people from outside. Though the

agricultural goods of the state are purely organic and high market values if harness

well, the native agricultural business has not flourish much. The native could not

reap the fruits from the markets because the native people still practice self-sufficient

production coupled with underdeveloped infrastructure in the state. Thus, we find

that majority of the dealers in agriculture goods are mostly from the people of other

state.

Agriculture was the main stay for Naga economy and they mostly practice

jhum and terrace cultivation for centuries in the hills. Apart from the hills the state

has a large area on the foothills bordering Assam which are very fertile. The

employment of the native people in this sector are mostly found on the hills whereas,

most of the workers on the foothill areas are from the migrants. These migrant

workers are brought by the native people to work in their field on fifty-fifty sharing

basis for their paddy products. Even in other plantation crops the workers or care

takers are mostly migrated who were hired by the native people. Thus, the migrant

who had stayed there for years has started opening villages with recognition from

the neighbouring state and are grabbing those lands which could not be looked after

by the native properly. The end result is the border conflicts between the two states

because most of the plain areas are on the border.

The out migrations to metro city by the educated natives are mostly because of

job satisfaction and job opportunities. Most of the educated natives wants a white

collar job in the government sector but the jobs availability are becoming scarce day

by day because of an ever increasing graduates year after year. Thus, the educated

youth moves out of the state in search of greener pastures. Moreover, the state

which has high potentials for tourism and hospitality sector could not tap the resources

well. Thus, this sector could not grow well in the state and the educated youth gets

involved themselves in other states.

Urbanisation is the process in which the number of people living in cities increases

compared with the number of people living in rural areas. Urbanisation means the

growth of population in urban areas or comparative growth of urban areas with that

of rural areas. The reasons for increase of people living in urban centres year by

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