Journal of Animal Research: v.5 n.1, p. 115-118. April. 2015

D9I Number: 10.5958/2277-940X.2015.00019.4

Detection of Virulence Genes in Salmonella Species Isolated from Chevon and

Chicken Meat

Vivek Kumar Naik 1 , Sanjay Shakya 1* , Anil Patyal 1 and Nitin E. Gade 2

1 Department of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, CGKV, Anjora,

District: Durg Chattisgarh, INDIA

2 Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry Department, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, CGKV, Anjora,

District: Durg Chattisgarh, INDIA

*Corresponding author: S Shakya; Email: shakyadurg@gmail.com

Received: 30 January, 2015

Accepted: 24 February, 2015

ABSTRACT

The aim of present study was to investigate the detection of virulence factors encoded Salmonella enterotoxin ( stn ) and plasmid

encoded fimbriae ( pef ) genes in isolates of Salmonellae isolated from chevon and chicken meat samples collected from different

districts of Chhattisgarh. A total of 32 Salmonella isolates were recovered, among them 18 and 14 isolates were recovered from

chevon and chicken meat samples, respectively. All the Salmonella isolates were tested for the presence of virulence associated

genes viz., stn and pef by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) protocols, standardized separately for each gene. All 32

(100%) Salmonella isolates were found to carry the enterotoxin determinant stn gene where as none of the Salmonella isolate

was found positive for pef gene, indicating that the stn gene is widely distributed among the Salmonella isolates irrespective of

source of sample, species, serovars and location. The stn gene in Salmonella was found to be highly conserved. Thus, stn gene

may be used as a target gene for detection of Salmonellae in different types of field samples.

Keywords: Salmonellosis, stn , pef , meat, virulence

In India, Salmonella has become leading cause of food

of virulence plasmids to pathogensis in salmonella is less

borne illnesses viz., food poisoning, acute gastroenteritis,

important (Muthu et al., 2014) and dictated by an array

dysenteryandotherdiseaseseventodeathwithconsiderable

of factors that act in tandem and ultimately manifest in

economic impact. Eggs, chicken, meat and meat products

the typical symptoms of salmonellosis. Virulence genes

are the most common vehicles of salmonellosis to humans

encode products that assist the organisms in expressing its

(Maharjan etal., 2006).Therearemorethan2500serotypes

virulence in the host cells. Some genes viz. , sef , pef , spv

of Salmonella and new serotypes are emerging every year,

or inv are known to be involved in adhesion and invasion

most of them have strong pathogenicity to humans and

of Salmonella into the host cell; whereas other mgt C

animals (Fang et al., 2010). The outcome of a Salmonella

genes are associated with the survival in the host system

infection is determined by the status of the host and of

and sop , stn , pip A, B, D genes are involved in the actual

the bacterium. Age, genetic and environmental factors

manifestation of pathogenic processes. Other virulence

mainly determine the status of the host whereas virulence

factors of Salmonella include production of endotoxins

factors determines the status of the bacterium (Van

and exotoxins, and presence of fimbrie and flagella (Van

Asten and Van Dijk, 2005). Virulence factors responsible

Asten and Van Dijk, 2005).

for pathogenicity in enteric bacteria are often plasmid

Therefore, present study was planned to determine the

encoded, as in E. coli, Yersinia spp. and Shigella spp.

virulence factors encoded by Salmonella enterotoxin ( stn )

However, current evidences suggest that the contribution