Journal of Animal Research: v.5 n.2, p. 297-302. June 2015

DOI Number: 10.5958/2277-940X.2015.00051.0

Haemato-biochemical and Immunological Study on

NSAIDs Induced Acute Toxicity in Broiler Chicken

Majid Shafi 1 , Khadim Hussain 2* , Umesh K. Garg 1 and Omer Khalil Baba 3

1 Division of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science and A.H., Mhow, Madhya Pradesh, INDIA

2 Division of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir

Shuhama, Alusteng, Srinagar, INDIA

3 Division of Veterinary Pathology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir Shuhama,

Alusteng, Srinagar, INDIA

*Corresponding author: K Hussain; Email: drkhadim23@gmail.com

Received: 23 March, 2015

Accepted: 07 April, 2015

ABSTRACT

The present study was aimed to elucidate the effect of Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) induced toxicity in the

broiler chicken. For this purpose, 120 broiler chicks were utilized and divided into 4 major groups (C, D, B and N) and within each

major group the chicks were divided into 3 sub groups having 10 chicks each. The control chicks received normal diet without

any medicine. Diclofenac was used @ 10, 20 and 30 mg/kg b.wt. in D1, D2 and D3 group respectively. Ibuprofen was fed @ 15,

30, 45 mg /kg b.wt in B1, B2 and B3 group respectively. The nimesulide group viz. N1, N2 and N3 were given Nimesulide @

10, 20 and 30 mg/kg b.wt respectively. NSAIDs induced toxicity showed no effect on the haematological parameters of broiler

chicks in the present study, however, there was increase in the serum alkaline phosphatase level in intoxicated birds indicating

hepatotoxicity compared to the control group with highest value of 173.33 ± 0.80 IU/L in B3. Further, atrophy of spleen and

bursa of fabricius was observed in intoxicated birds. Highest atrophy of spleen (1.1 gm/kg body weight) was observed in N3

and D3 while as maximum bursal atrophy of 1.20 ± 0.06 gm/kg body weight was recorded in B3.

Keywords: Broilers, haematology, serum characteristics, lymphoid organs

Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have

livestock carcasses that have been treated shortly before

the ability to inhibit cyclo-oxygenase enzymes, which are

death and high residual value of Diclofenac was found in

involvedintheformationofprostaglandins.However,there

the body tissue of carcass (Taggart et al., 2007). Diclofenac

are marked differences between drugs in their selective

was found to be causing pathological changes in the

inhibition of the two subtypes of cyclo-oxygenase, COX-1

kidneys of the vultures, which ultimately lead to the gout

and COX-2, the latter being involved with the modulation

(Oaks and Khan, 2004). Very little literature is available

of inflammation-mediated responses and pain, while the

on the NSAIDs induced toxicity in broiler chicken,

former modulates blood flow to the kidneys. Further,

therefore, the present study was designed to elucidate the

the ability of NSAIDs to inhibit both these subtypes has

effect of various NSAIDs viz. Diclofenac, Ibuprofen and

been implicated as a cause of the side effects occasionally

Nimesulide in broiler chicken.

associated with the use of some NSAIDs (Jain et al.,

2009). Gyps vulture populations across the Indian

MATERIALS AND METHODS

subcontinent are declining rapidly and evidence indicates

that veterinary use of the NSAIDs especially Diclofenac is

A total number of 120 day old broiler chicks were utilized

the major cause (Oaks et al ., 2004a). Exposure of vultures

in the present study.All the chicks were vaccinated against

to diclofenac is likely to arise from the consumption of

Marek’s disease prior to the procurement. The birds were