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IJAEB - Volume 12 - Issue 1

[<<< GO BACK ][ VOLUME 12 - ISSUE 1 ]

Title: Contents: International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Biotechnology
Abstract :

Contents: International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Biotechnology March 2019

Title: G × E interaction and Stability Analysis of Maize Hybrids Using Eberhart and Russell Model
Abstract :

The present study was carried out to identify stable Maize hybrids across various environments as the performance of each hybrid tends to vary when grown in different seasons or locations. Twenty one Maize hybrids and two commercial checks were tested over three locations in India viz., Viluppuram, Trivandrum and Nagercoil. Eberhart and Russell model of stability analysis was carried out which revealed a significant effect of each environment on the hybrids taken, for all the ten morphological traits except the number of leaves. The hybrid AU-101 was identified as a stable hybrid with high mean under less favourable conditions and the hybrid AU-114 was recognized as a stable hybrid under favourable conditions. None of the check hybrids viz., CP-818 and Bioseed-TX369 showed stability in any of the environment. Thus, it emphasized t

Title: In Vitro Propagation and Development of Salt Tolerant Lines of Edible and Medicinal Varieties of Coleus sp.
Abstract :

Coleus sp. is one of the most important tuber crops of South East Asia. Pollen grains being sterile in the plant, vegetative propagation are the only method to carry out reproduction. However morphological and genetic variability are relatively absent by normal vegetative reproduction. Thereby tissue culture techniques of micropropagation through axillary shoot proliferation, organogenesis and shoot embryogenesis can improve the genetic constitution of the crops. For axillary shoot proliferation, nodal explants and for organogenesis and callusing leaf explants of Coleus parviflorus and Coleus forskohlii were used. Furthermore salt tolerant lines were tried to raise using different concentration of NaCl with normal MS media. Morphological and biochemical changes associated with the in vitro regenerated types were investigated to maintain the “true to type” propagation. RAPD analysis to find out variation between DNA of both in vivo and in vitro plants were carried out using OPA 11 and OPB 07 primers. The rate of multiplication was found to be higher in media supplemented with NAA, BA and GA3. Callusing from leaf explants was found to be very low in media supplemented with only GA3. Bud break and shoot multiplication was affected by higher concentration of NaCl at 10gm/l and 20gm/l. Evaluation of biochemical constituents revealed no variation in dry matter, starch and sugar content of regenerants and conventionally grown plants. RAPD analysis exhibited no variation in DNA between the in vivo and in vitro plants

Title: Variation and Character Association in Seed Yield and Related Traits in Rice Bean (Vigna umbellata)
Abstract :

One hundred and twenty rice bean genotypes were assessed for 11 agronomic traits against three different elite varieties RBL-6, RBL-35, RBL-50 in Augmented Design during the Kharif 2005. There was no significant difference among the blocks and as well as checks. The variety RBL-50 among the checks registered highest seed yield (q/ha). The nineteen test entries viz. BRB10, LRB115, BRB06, BRB15, LRB109, BRB19, BRB14, LRB081, BRB08, BRB01, BRB03, LRB110, LRB118, BRB09, BRB07, BRB05, LRB043, LRB020, LRB075-1 showed higher seed yield (q/ha) than the best check variety RBL-50 (9.21 q/ha).

Title: Enhancement of Antioxidants and Nutritional Quality of Tomato Inoculated with Agriculturally Importance Microorganisms (AIMs) Fortified Vermicompost
Abstract :

The effect of biofortified vermicompost was studied on growth parameter and nutritional quality of tomato. Microorganisms used for fortification were Trichoderma harzianum, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis. Vermicompost was prepared by using temple waste and cow dung and earthworm Eisenia fetida was used in vermicomposting. The experimental findings showed significant variation in growth parameter and amount of antioxidants in treatments. The growth parameter such as root length, shoot length and dry weight was recorded after treatments. Maximum growth of plants was found in Vermicompost + T. harzianum treatment. Biochemical constituents of leaves such as total soluble protein, phenol, ascorbic acid and carotenoids were also recorded enhanced in treatments. Lycopene content in fruit was also increased in biofortified vermicomposts. Nutritional and antioxidants were recorded highest in vermicompost + P. fluorescens treatment.

Title: Isolation and Selection of Fungal Strains for Multienzyme Production from Western Ghats
Abstract :

Western Ghats is one of the eccentric biodiversity niches, with varied flora and fauna, in which fungi are one of the dominant group of microbes present in soil which strongly impact ecosystem structure. Hence there is a growing interest in assessing soil fungal biodiversity in Western Ghats and its biological functioning in production of various significant biomolecules. With the advent of new frontiers in the field of biotechnology the spectrum of cellulase and amylase has expanded in various industries, including food, fermentation, textiles, laundry, pulp, paper, agriculture as well as in research and development. The present study deals with the screening of fungal strains that amylase and cellulase which are industrially indispensable. The fungal strains were collected from the Western Ghats and were screened for initial multienzymes production. Thirty-two fungal strains were isolated among which eight were found to have both cellulolytic and amylolytic activity. Three fungal strains (TBG – 14, 5 and 4) were selected for further studies due to their capability in multienzyme production.

Title: Response of Boron on Yield and Economics of Maize under Eastern Ghat High Land Zone of Odisha
Abstract :

A field experiment was conducted in participatory mode on farmers’ field in Sankumari village of Nabarangpur district under Eastern Ghat High Land (EGHL) zone of Odisha during kharif 2016 to assess the response of boron application on yield and economics of maize. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with four treatments replicated five times. The experimental soils were slightly acidic, non-saline, loamy sand, medium in organic carbon and available K; low in available N, P, B and Zn contents. The maximum grain yield per cob (210.21 g),100 seeds weight (38.16 g), stover yield (8.10 t ha-1), grain yield (6.52 t ha-1), total dry biomass (14.62 t ha-1), harvest index (44.59%) and B:C ratio (1.90) were recorded in Soil Test Based NPKZn @ 150:75:60:6.25 kg ha-1 + 0.5 kg B ha-1 soil application + 0.2 % borax as foliar spray at 30 & 45 DAS (T4) followed by Soil Test Based NPKZn @ 150:75:60:6.25 kg ha-1 + 1.0 kg B ha-1(T3) over control (i.e. Soil Test Based NPKZn @ 150:75:60:6.25 kg ha-1+ 0 kg B ha-1). Hence, Soil Test Based fertilizer application with boron is to be followed in soil deficient in boron under continuous maize growing areas of EGHL zone of Odisha for remunerative maize production by the farmers.

Title: Potential of Intercropping System in Sustaining Crop Productivity
Abstract :

Intercropping, an age old agricultural practice of cultivating two or more crops in the same space at the same time is generally adopted for more production by utilizing available growth resources. Choice of crops is very important to reap a better harvest from intercropping. The selection of a suitable intercropping system is sort of complicated issue as the success of intercropping depends much on the interactions between the component crop species, proper management practices and favorable environmental conditions. Intercropping has a huge potential and multiple advantages. The advantages are like efficient utilization of resources, enhancement of soil fertility by including legumes as component in mixture and soil conservation through covering the greater ground cover. Moreover, intercropping reduces attack of insect pest, checks the incidence of diseases and restricts weed population and thus minimizes the use of protection plant chemicals. This article addresses an overall view with a focus on prime advantages supported by evidences from the literature based on earlier research.

Title: A Study on Content Analysis of ICT Enabled Web Portal (Krishinet)
Abstract :

This research evaluates a web-based ICT enabled portal (Krishinet) on the basis of practical application of farmers in the study area. In this study we use quantitative approach for analysis. It includes three major parts, first content inventory, in this the entire content of the portal was catalogued, second content audit, in this quantitative method was used and it was found that 37.14 percent respondents felt that the content of the Krishinet portal was good, followed by 32.50 percent respondents felt that the portal was of average quality and only 30.36 percent respondents felt that the portal was of poor quality and the third part was content mapping, in which linear type of content mapping was done in which head content of single segment was presented in coloured rectangular boxes and subhead segment were presented in different coloured boxes with links to each other.

Title: Performance of Thermo Hydraulic Designed Single Pass Earth Air Heat Exchanger
Abstract :

In present study thermo-hydraulic design method by Paepe and Janssens (2003) was illustrated and used for evaluation of single pass Earth- Air Heat Exchanger (EAHE) system. Such designed EAHE was installed at the research field of Soil and Water Engineering Department, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India (75o88´E & 30o95´N). It consists of 42 m single PVC pipe of 0.25 m diameter buried at 3.5 m depth. The thermister 2k temperature sensors and Dl2 data logger were used for data recording. The maximum and minimum tube efficiencies were obtained at 2.3 and 24 m/s, respectively. The thermo-hydraulic designed earth air heat exchanger performed well as observed tube efficiency was near to designed efficiency. It was also observed that as velocity increases the tube efficiency decreases. The method proposed by Paepe and Janssens (2003) was simple, fast and reliable for installation of EAHE system in field too.

Title: Evaluation of effectiveness of Mid Day Meal Scheme on Enrolment and Drop out Rate of Children in Rural Government Schools
Abstract :

National Programme of Nutritional Support to Primary Education (NP-NSPE) commonly known as Mid Day Meal Scheme was launched by the Ministry of Human Resource Development (Department of Education) with effect from 15th August, 1995. The programme is designed to give a boost to the universalization of primary education. It is helping poor children belonging to disadvantaged section to attend school more regularly and help them to concentrate on classroom activities. The present research aimed at studying the impact of Mid Day Meal Scheme (commonly known as Aksharadasoha) on enrolment and dropout rate of children in five rural government schools in Hassan district of Karnataka state. The field study was based on the observations of 208 children, 104 girls and 104 boys studying primary/ upper primary and high schools in which Mid-Day Meals Scheme was functional. The data was collected from government school records. In all 208 parents of the beneficiary children were selected and interviewed to collect information about their socioeconomic status. The results showed that majority of the parents had their primary and upper primary level of education, they were engaged in agriculture and allied activities and their annual income was less than Rs. 50,000. The study also revealed that there was continuous decline in the enrolment of children (both male and female) per session from 2011-12 to 2014-15 in government schools of Hassan district. The drop-out rate has been minimized to a large extent and from the session 2011-12 to the session 2014-15.

Title: Performance of Commercial Broilers as Affected by the Supplementation of Enzymes and Dried Poultry Excreta
Abstract :

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of DPE and enzymes on performance of commercial broiler chicks. Two enzyme levels (without and with enzyme supplementation) were considered for the study. The experiment consisted of two replicates for enzyme groups. The performance of broiler was evaluated in terms of growth and feed efficiency at 6th week of age. Data were analyzed on survivor and equal number of bird’s per subclass basis. Analysis of variance revealed that the difference between replicates were not significant for the different traits under study as such all subsequent analysis was performed on combined sex basis. Inclusion of enzyme in diet had highly significant effect. Group of chicks fed with diet E (with enzyme) were significantly heavier than those fed with diet E0 (without enzyme) at second week body weight. It indicates that the enzyme supplementation had weighty effect on early growth of chicks. Inclusion of enzyme in diet had significant effect at third week age of body weight, the group of chicks fed with enzyme supplemented diet (E) had significantly higher body weight than the group fed without enzyme supplemented diet (E0). It indicates that inclusion of enzyme in diet had positive effects on growth of chicks. Inclusion of DPE and enzymes revealed significant effects on body weight. Chicks showed higher body weight with diet having DPE and enzymes.