Education 4.0 is lies on forth industrial revolution and it is responsible in advancing education systems. Since the inception of ICT the scenario of traditional education has been changed drastically and it has direct impact on educational pedagogy supported by various technologies and systems including automation. Education 4.0 is depends on creativity and emphasized basic requirement of IT and

computing for a paradigm shifting with futuristic concepts. In Education 4.0 proper skill sets as well as adhering technology is must and it should be concentrate on leadership and other managerial skills. To reach this stage of ‘Education 4.0’, it has already crossed three previous phases and flexible and personalized learning

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) with multimodal imaging has significantly advanced lung cancer diagnosis, offering clinicians enhanced tools for accurate detection and classification. This paper examines the transformative potential of AI-driven multimodal lung cancer diagnosis, focusing on the use of diverse imaging modalities such as Computed Tomography (CT), Positron Emission Tomography (PET), and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). AI algorithms analyze pixel-level imaging data, extracting intricate features that enable precise tumor characterization. By processing vast amounts of data, AI models can identify subtle patterns and anomalies indicative of lung cancer, surpassing human capabilities for earlier detection and improved patient outcomes. Central to this approach is the development of sophisticated machine learning algorithms, including Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and ensemble methods, trained on large datasets to accurately predict and classify lung cancer. Transfer learning and data augmentation strategies further enhance the models’ robustness, enabling them to perform effectively across diverse populations. AI’s integration into clinical workflows offers realtime support to radiologists, improving diagnostic accuracy through automated image interpretation and decision support systems. While AI-driven lung cancer diagnosis holds great promise, challenges such as patient data privacy, algorithm transparency, and regulatory compliance must be addressed for responsible

implementation. Nevertheless, this approach represents a paradigm shift in oncological care, empowering clinicians with advanced tools for early detection and personalized treatment, ultimately revolutionizing lung cancer diagnosis and management.

Agricultural Informatics is a field of practice and education. This is also known as Agricultural Information Technologies and Agricultural Information Science. Applications of IT and Computing in Agriculture and other allied domains dedicated in incorporating better and healthy Agricultural practice supported by various technologies. Agricultural activities is effectively started in worldwide operation of Agricultural Systems for effective and progressive situation. Though there are critical issues and challenges in Agricultural Informatics which include social, technological, finance and economical concern. Agricultural Information Networks is an advanced gift of Agricultural Informatics dedicated in information storage and sharing of information dedicated to the agricultural development. Many countries have their Agricultural Information Networks and Centres and there are international Information Networks too. This chapter described about the impact, role and significance of Agricultural Informatics and highlights the values in developing agro

segments which include pre and post agricultural systems.

Effective contemporary strategic decisions are very important in order to create effective and efficient European Higher Education institutions. The contemporary implementation of strategic communication directions in higher education sector is a serious factor that can affect the global higher education system, as may influence the educational management decisions to create change. Managers should behave with respect to the overall education system and its norms to development their organisations with sustainable solutions. The designing of contemporary plans should be seriously investigated by managers based on examination of a local population and culture of a country. The data collection methods that have been used to examine the topic were mainly received from interviews and questionnaires. All the results, data analysis and interpretation are presented analytically on this article. The implementation of contemporary managerial strategies for European higher education institutions needs well planned strategic innovative decisions to avoid any negative impacts that occur during the implementation of them. The implementation of Contemporary Strategic Communication Decisions for European Higher Education Institutions needs responsible managers as well as serious leaders that their behaviour and personal development can influence the survival and growth of an organisation which is operating in a very competitive global business environment. The multicultural European business environment can only create organisational change when contemporary positive results arise thru the offer of innovative solutions which can be supported

by an overall well planned and designed strategy. 

This study explores the potential of Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) in enhancing customer interaction and content production in digital advertising. It emphasizes the importance of customization, where AI can analyse vast amounts of consumer data to tailor information to individual interests, resulting in higher engagement rates and relevance. AI can also produce novel and varied content, such as text, pictures, and video, aligning with customer demands. Predictive analytics is another area of focus, allowing marketers

to create proactive plans that connect with their audience. Chatbots equipped with AI and AI-driven virtual assistants are also examined for real-time assistance and engagement, fostering deeper brand connections. AI techniques are also used in networking strategy development, analysing networking dynamics and optimizing content delivery to increase user engagement. AI’s role in A/B testing and optimization is also examined, resulting in increased engagement, conversion rates, and more tailored marketing tactics. The

study also highlight the growing significance of voice and image search optimizations in digital advertising, where AI uses advanced search techniques to improve access to material and exposure. Overall, generative AI is a crucial component in developing customized, inventive, and proactive marketing tactics, combining efficiency, creativity, and customization with digital marketing initiatives.

Tourism has emerged as one of the growing and largest industries in worldwide. Today’s tourism has gained its socio-economic, technical and professional status and industrial prestige by passing through the various historical stages since ancient times. With passing of time, reasons of travel have changed from searching of food, shelter and clothes to trade and commerce, conquering land and expanding of empire, acquiring knowledge and education, preaching and pilgrim, inventing and knowing new world, relaxation and recreation, leisure, pleasure and entertainment. The invention of vehicles and its transformation had

triggered the development of transportation which in turn helped to rise tourism demand and hence tourism industry. Many developing countries have been benefited due to the rapid increase in tourism demand in developed nations. From 1980s modern tourism got momentum and became a source of foreign exchange earnings, and social and economic development was augmented very rapidly through job and revenue creation. Today, it is more emphasised and highlighted for its immense contribution in generating business opportunities. The discussion on tourism history under the framework of western society, leisure and holidaying opportunities, colonialism, globalisation etc. has always been the theme of scholarly liking leaving the fact that it also has a long history. The traditional sense of tourism is largely associated with its historical and cultural dimensions. Before proceeding to grab its meaning and significance from various dimensions, it is important to understand the historical perspective of tourism to overcome the shortcoming and to help in making better plan for future development. The paper aims to discuss historical background

of travel and tourism in the world and also under the Indian context, along with its development through the ages.

This qualitative study investigates the lasting impact of early childhood experiences and Social-Emotional Learning (SEL) on lifelong development and leadership effectiveness. Through in-depth interviews with industry leaders from diverse sectors—law, business, IT, film production, and education—the research explores how SEL attributes cultivated in formative years contribute to essential leadership skills. Participants were selected using specific criteria to ensure a broad range of perspectives and experiences. Methodological rigor was ensured through triangulation and member checking to enhance validity and reliability of the findings. The primary objective is to examine the critical link between early childhood experiences, SEL, and leadership excellence sustained over time. A detailed methodological description, including participant selection criteria and an interview guide, is provided to ensure transparency and replicability. The findings are analyzed within broader theoretical frameworks and compared with existing

literature, illustrating how they confirm, challenge, or expand prior research. Practical recommendations for educators, policymakers, and organizations are offered, emphasizing the importance of early experiences and SEL in fostering lifelong leadership development. This study contributes valuable insights and suggests directions for future research to further build on these findings.

This article examines the integration of information technology (IT) in education in the Jamaican context during the COVID-19 pandemic and highlights the crisis that has accelerated the need for digital solutions. It discusses how the pandemic exposed and reinforced existing problems, such as structural inequalities, limited digital resources, and economic disparities, especially as they affect students from marginalised communities. This study shows the important role of ICT in changing the educational landscape, enabling access to interactive and self-directed learning across geographic and economic boundaries. Despite these advances, this paper identifies major barriers such as the digital divide, the cost of technology and literacy that hinder the implementation of IT solutions in education. Through a detailed analysis of Jamaica’s education environment during the pandemic, the paper illustrates both innovative responses to these challenges and the critical areas needing attention to promote equitable and inclusive education. Finally, this article highlights the need for continued innovation and investment in IT to prepare education systems for future challenges to ensure no student is left behind.

This article provides a comprehensive overview of numerical integration, highlighting its significance in mathematical analysis and scientific computation. Beginning with a discussion on the importance, context, and necessity of numerical integration,