This study investigated the influence of manger height on the performance and behavior of Black Bengal goats over a 90-day period at the Goat Farm and Research Centre of DUVASU, Mathura. Eighteen Black Bengal goats of similar age and weight were selected and randomly divided into three groups of six animals each. The experiment involved three different manger heights: Control at 20 cm, Treatment 1 (T1) at 10 cm, and Treatment 2 (T2) at 30 cm, to assess their effects on feed intake, growth rate, and general well-being. Behavioral parameters such as feeding time, standing time, lying time, social interactions, and dry matter intake (DMI) were observed. The results revealed that the T2 group (30 cm) exhibited significantly higher feeding times, average daily gains, and DMI compared to Control and T1 groups (P<0.05). Standing time was significantly reduced in case of T2. Furthermore, the Body Condition Score (BCS) and average body weight were significantly higher in the T2 group, indicating enhanced health and nutritional status. These findings highlighted that an elevated manger height improves feed efficiency and reduces stress-related behaviors, offering valuable recommendations for goat farmers to enhance productivity and animal welfare through effective manger design.

The main goal of this research was to thoroughly assess how replacing part of the milk with Soymilk affects the haematological and biochemical parameters, as well as faecal consistency, in Murrah buffalo calves. The calves were randomly divided into three treatment groups: Treatment 1 received only whole milk, Treatment 2 received a 75:25 ratio of whole milk to Soymilk, and Treatment 3 received a 50:50 ratio of whole milk to Soymilk. During the duration of the experiment, all calves were kept within strict feeding protocols and consistent management practices. Monthly blood samples were aseptically collected to thoroughly evaluate the effectiveness of Soymilk as a partial milk replacer through detailed haematological and serum biochemical analysis. Faecal consistency was observed every 15 days for 90 days to systematically assign faecal scores. The results from the experiment showed no significant variations in a wide range of haematological and serum biochemical parameters in the different treatment groups. Also, the dietary interventions had no considerable impact on the faecal ratings of the young calves, suggesting that incorporating Soymilk did not cause any digestive issues. To sum up, this research strongly proves that Murrah buffalo calves can safely replace up to 50% of whole milk with Soymilk without any negative impact on their health or physical abilities. This discovery highlights the possibility of using Soymilk as a practical and efficient substitute in buffalo calf feeding 

Mammary characteristics have a direct impact on dairy cow economic production. The current study was carried out at the University of Khartoum farm to examine the impact of non-genetic parameters such as parity order and lactation stages on milk production and composition in crossbreed dairy cows. The study was conducted for 11 months from (January to November) 2022, during which the cows were in different production parity orders for milk (the second to the eighth season) at different age stages (3- 10 years), and physiological status. There was no discernible drop in the milk supply across all udder sections (P≥0.05) with advancing lactation from early to mid milking days, the highest decrease was in milking late (early 11.20, mid 10.02, and late 8.23 L), respectively. The difference in daily milk yield significance (P ≤0.05) was for multiparous cows at 11.56 L and as much as 8.70 L for primiparous cows. The fat percentage was significantly affected by the lactation the stage (P < 0.05); the fat percentage in the milk was lower at the beginning of lactation, and then increased in the mid and late lactation (early 3.86%, mid 4.89%, and late 5.12%). In addition, milk composition percentages (protein, lactose, NFS, and density) did not differ significantly during the different stages of lactation: early, Mid, and late.