Title: Determination of Sperm Transfer Time and Retention times of different Regions of Hamster Epididymis
Abstract :
Abstract :
Most of the scientific researches deal with the epididymal sperm maturation but not with the storage of sperms in epididymis. The present study was carried out to determine sperm transfer time, sperm retention time and sperm motility in different regions of hamster epididymis after placing ligations. Ligations were made at the initial segment of the epididymes. The total number of sperm was assessed using the haemocytometer counting method and sperm counts were taken on defined time intervals starting from the 3rd day to the 78th day of post-ligation. Total sperm count was decreased 50% by 3 days in caput and corpus regions and by 15 days in cauda region. Yet, there were a few numbers of sperm in all regions of hamster epididymis even after 78 days of post-ligation. By 15 days, sperm motility was decreased rapidlyin all epididymal regions and the majority of sperms were immotile by the 24th day of post-ligation. Both sperm counts; immotile and motile sperms in control side was significantly different compared to that of the ligated side of the epididymis (p< 0.05). Sperm emptying time was approximately 18 days in the caput alone, 14 days in the corpus and 46 days in the cauda. It is concluded that in the ligated hamster epididymis sperm transfer takes more than 78 days. The findings of the present study will be vital for future studies on mechanisms of sperm transport and sperm storage in the cauda epididymis in detail.
Title: Effect of Shelter Management on Lactating Crossbred Cows During Summer Under the Agro-Climatic Condition of Konkan Region of India
Abstract :An experiment was carried out on nine lactating crossbred cows (Jersey x local) were randomly allotted into three housing system in switch over design. The treatments were asbestos (T1) roofing, paddy straw thatched roof (T2) white painted asbestos roof (T3) during hot and humid season of Konkan. The variation in rectal temperature, respiration rate and pulse rate was recorded in the morning and evening through out the experiment. Temperature humidity index was more in microenvironment of thatched roof shed followed by white painted asbestos roof and asbestos roofing. Milk samples collected from experimental cows were analyzed for milk constituents. The use of paddy straw thatched roof shed significantly (P<0.05) reduced rectal temperature, pulse rate and respiration rate of cows. Thatched roof shed had significantly (P<0.05) incremental effect on the milk yield and milk composition of cows than the cows in white painted roof shed and asbestos roof shedding. The study revealed that paddy straw thatched roof shed effectively improves environmental temperature, humidity and during summer in the agro-climatic conditions of Konkan region of India.
Abstract :An experiment was carried out on nine lactating crossbred cows (Jersey x local) were randomly allotted into three housing system in switch over design. The treatments were asbestos (T1) roofing, paddy straw thatched roof (T2) white painted asbestos roof (T3) during hot and humid season of Konkan. The variation in rectal temperature, respiration rate and pulse rate was recorded in the morning and evening through out the experiment. Temperature humidity index was more in microenvironment of thatched roof shed followed by white painted asbestos roof and asbestos roofing. Milk samples collected from experimental cows were analyzed for milk constituents. The use of paddy straw thatched roof shed significantly (P<0.05) reduced rectal temperature, pulse rate and respiration rate of cows. Thatched roof shed had significantly (P<0.05) incremental effect on the milk yield and milk composition of cows than the cows in white painted roof shed and asbestos roof shedding. The study revealed that paddy straw thatched roof shed effectively improves environmental temperature, humidity and during summer in the agro-climatic conditions of Konkan region of India.
Title: Effect of Complete Feed or Ggrazing with Supplementation on Ggrowth and Carcass Characteristics in Nellore Ram Lambs
Abstract :An on farm trial was conducted to evaluate the growth performance and carcass characteristics of Nellore ram lambs fed either complete feed or grazing with supplementation. One hundred Nellore ram lambs were randomly divided into two equal groups viz. G1 and G2 and the experiment was lasted for 120 days. The G1 lambs were maintained on conventional grazing for 6-8 h/d and supplemented with 200 g concentrate /animal/day, while the G2 lambs were fed complete feed comprising of black gram straw and concentrate mixture (60:40 ratio) intensively. Average daily gain was higher (P <0.01) in G2 lambs (93.85 g) than in G1 lambs (80.24 g). Feed efficiency (kg feed/kg gain) was higher (P <0.01) in G2 lambs compared to G1 lambs. The pre-slaughter, empty body and hot carcass weight of lambs was similar in both groups. Dressing percentage on live weight and empty body weight was significantly (P <0.01) higher in lambs fed complete feed compared to grazing lambs. Dissected lean content was significantly (P <0.01) higher, whereas bone content was significantly (P <0.05) lower in G2 lambs compared to G1 lambs. The per cent distribution of primal cuts i.e. leg, loin, rack and fore shank and brisket was higher (P <0.01) in the G2 lambs compared to G1 lambs, while shoulder and neck were lower (P <0.01) in G2 lambs. It is concluded that the complete feed comprising of black gram straw improved growth, feed efficiency and production of quality meat economically in Nellore ram lambs.
Abstract :An on farm trial was conducted to evaluate the growth performance and carcass characteristics of Nellore ram lambs fed either complete feed or grazing with supplementation. One hundred Nellore ram lambs were randomly divided into two equal groups viz. G1 and G2 and the experiment was lasted for 120 days. The G1 lambs were maintained on conventional grazing for 6-8 h/d and supplemented with 200 g concentrate /animal/day, while the G2 lambs were fed complete feed comprising of black gram straw and concentrate mixture (60:40 ratio) intensively. Average daily gain was higher (P <0.01) in G2 lambs (93.85 g) than in G1 lambs (80.24 g). Feed efficiency (kg feed/kg gain) was higher (P <0.01) in G2 lambs compared to G1 lambs. The pre-slaughter, empty body and hot carcass weight of lambs was similar in both groups. Dressing percentage on live weight and empty body weight was significantly (P <0.01) higher in lambs fed complete feed compared to grazing lambs. Dissected lean content was significantly (P <0.01) higher, whereas bone content was significantly (P <0.05) lower in G2 lambs compared to G1 lambs. The per cent distribution of primal cuts i.e. leg, loin, rack and fore shank and brisket was higher (P <0.01) in the G2 lambs compared to G1 lambs, while shoulder and neck were lower (P <0.01) in G2 lambs. It is concluded that the complete feed comprising of black gram straw improved growth, feed efficiency and production of quality meat economically in Nellore ram lambs.
Title: Availability and Utilization Pattern of Forage Plants in relation to their Nutritive Values by Wild Elephants in South West Forests
Abstract :The study was carried out on the availability and utilization pattern of various wild plant species by migratory elephants in relation to their nutritive values. It wasobserved that migratory elephants were selective for food plants in the wilderness. Out of 52 recorded plant species, only 22 plant species were found to be utilized either fully or partially as evidenced by branch breaking, debarking, uprooting etc. Overall utilization of food plants revealed that Diospyros melanoxylon was utilized maximum (34.39%) followed by terocarpus marsupium (24.86%) among all the plants consumed by migratory elephants. Bark of Buchanania lanzan was moderately utilized (10.58%). All other recorded plants were utilized below 10 per cent. Chemical composition of some wild plants consumed by elephants revealed that crude protein content varied form 3.18 (Shorea robusta) to 21.25 (P. marsupium) g per cent. High protein content of P. marsupium leaves might be the reason for highest degree of utilization. Crude fibre content ranged from 20.0 (P. marsupium) to 54.0 (D. melanoxylon) per cent.
Abstract :The study was carried out on the availability and utilization pattern of various wild plant species by migratory elephants in relation to their nutritive values. It wasobserved that migratory elephants were selective for food plants in the wilderness. Out of 52 recorded plant species, only 22 plant species were found to be utilized either fully or partially as evidenced by branch breaking, debarking, uprooting etc. Overall utilization of food plants revealed that Diospyros melanoxylon was utilized maximum (34.39%) followed by terocarpus marsupium (24.86%) among all the plants consumed by migratory elephants. Bark of Buchanania lanzan was moderately utilized (10.58%). All other recorded plants were utilized below 10 per cent. Chemical composition of some wild plants consumed by elephants revealed that crude protein content varied form 3.18 (Shorea robusta) to 21.25 (P. marsupium) g per cent. High protein content of P. marsupium leaves might be the reason for highest degree of utilization. Crude fibre content ranged from 20.0 (P. marsupium) to 54.0 (D. melanoxylon) per cent.
Title: Use of Homeopathic Medication for Treatment of Underdeveloped Ggenetalia in Heifers - A Field Level Study
Abstract :The study was carried out in 150 heifers; out of them 90 were buffalo heifers and 60 were cow heifers with an average age of 3-4 years. They were presented with a chief compliant of not conceiving. On clinical observations all heifers were having smaller size of external and internal gentiles and they were under weight. They were diagnosed as underdeveloped gentiles and treated with homeopathic medicines. On an average one month after the treatment the 120 heifers started showing the signs of estrus and immediately they were bred with artificial insemination and later they got conceived. The 24 heifers shown the signs of estrus in second cycle and they got conceived after insemination. However 6 heifers could not responded to treatment and advised for culling. It was observed in this study that homeopathic medication used for treatment of underdeveloped genitals can be an alternative treatment for initiating non functional ovaries to functional.
Abstract :The study was carried out in 150 heifers; out of them 90 were buffalo heifers and 60 were cow heifers with an average age of 3-4 years. They were presented with a chief compliant of not conceiving. On clinical observations all heifers were having smaller size of external and internal gentiles and they were under weight. They were diagnosed as underdeveloped gentiles and treated with homeopathic medicines. On an average one month after the treatment the 120 heifers started showing the signs of estrus and immediately they were bred with artificial insemination and later they got conceived. The 24 heifers shown the signs of estrus in second cycle and they got conceived after insemination. However 6 heifers could not responded to treatment and advised for culling. It was observed in this study that homeopathic medication used for treatment of underdeveloped genitals can be an alternative treatment for initiating non functional ovaries to functional.
Title: Lyme disease: Emerging and Re-emerging Metazoonoses of Gglobal Importance
Abstract :Lyme borreliosis is a tick-transmitted multisystem inflammatory disease caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi. Lyme disease has a worldwide distribution including India. Warmer weather expected to be increase emergence of common vector-borne diseases worldwide without an exception of Lyme disease. Several hundred cases are reported each year. About 10% of cases involve the more serious symptoms of arthritis and 5% experience facial paralysis, in addition to the skin rash that is characteristic of the disease. There is paucity of data on Lyme disease in India. Some study was under taken to study the seroprevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi infection in north eastern parts of India. Therefore, India represents a particularly interesting scenario for the study on Lyme disease. Vaccines against the condition are still not very successful. Hence, the importance of recognizing the cutaneous manifestations early, to prevent systemic complications which can occur if left untreated, can be understood. Here in; we review the problems and opportunities for the incidence of Lyme disease in India. Control measures are discussed in the review in the area of ticks and tick-borne zoonotic diseases (TTBDs). The disease warrants constant monitoring and surveillance because once introduced to human population it would be a herculean task to eradicate it.
Abstract :Lyme borreliosis is a tick-transmitted multisystem inflammatory disease caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi. Lyme disease has a worldwide distribution including India. Warmer weather expected to be increase emergence of common vector-borne diseases worldwide without an exception of Lyme disease. Several hundred cases are reported each year. About 10% of cases involve the more serious symptoms of arthritis and 5% experience facial paralysis, in addition to the skin rash that is characteristic of the disease. There is paucity of data on Lyme disease in India. Some study was under taken to study the seroprevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi infection in north eastern parts of India. Therefore, India represents a particularly interesting scenario for the study on Lyme disease. Vaccines against the condition are still not very successful. Hence, the importance of recognizing the cutaneous manifestations early, to prevent systemic complications which can occur if left untreated, can be understood. Here in; we review the problems and opportunities for the incidence of Lyme disease in India. Control measures are discussed in the review in the area of ticks and tick-borne zoonotic diseases (TTBDs). The disease warrants constant monitoring and surveillance because once introduced to human population it would be a herculean task to eradicate it.
Title: Peri-urban Camel (Camelus dromendarius) Production System in Saudi Arabia: A note
Abstract :Several livestock production systems, ranging from nomadic, semi-nomadic, transhumant, agro pastoral to different forms of sedentary small holder and large scale commercial units ,exist in Africa and Asia. Several factors natural or man-made, beside some socio-economic changes have caused resources degradation and resulted in production systems disruption. In Saudi Arabia camel plays multiple central roles to livelihood and culture of the nomadic people notably provision of milk, meat , race and coat purposes, and source of income from sale of live camel and camel show (Mazayen) .Thus ,camels play an important role in this country. Camel production system in Saudi Arabia was affected by the socio-economic changes that took place after the petroleum era which attracts the Bedouins to settle in urban areas. With the aid of cars and vehicles, they can look after their herds around cities and towns where they live nowadays, in addition to the increasing demand in camel milk by growing urbanized population, stimulating the development of peri-urban camel dairy production. Systems of urban and peri-urban agriculture (UPA) take many forms in terms of integration of different activities, production intensities and production orientations. The present study is aimed at a refined characterization of the diversity in terms of production orientation, resource endowments and production strategies of the different types camel production with special emphasis on peri-urban camel production system in Saudi Arabia
Abstract :Several livestock production systems, ranging from nomadic, semi-nomadic, transhumant, agro pastoral to different forms of sedentary small holder and large scale commercial units ,exist in Africa and Asia. Several factors natural or man-made, beside some socio-economic changes have caused resources degradation and resulted in production systems disruption. In Saudi Arabia camel plays multiple central roles to livelihood and culture of the nomadic people notably provision of milk, meat , race and coat purposes, and source of income from sale of live camel and camel show (Mazayen) .Thus ,camels play an important role in this country. Camel production system in Saudi Arabia was affected by the socio-economic changes that took place after the petroleum era which attracts the Bedouins to settle in urban areas. With the aid of cars and vehicles, they can look after their herds around cities and towns where they live nowadays, in addition to the increasing demand in camel milk by growing urbanized population, stimulating the development of peri-urban camel dairy production. Systems of urban and peri-urban agriculture (UPA) take many forms in terms of integration of different activities, production intensities and production orientations. The present study is aimed at a refined characterization of the diversity in terms of production orientation, resource endowments and production strategies of the different types camel production with special emphasis on peri-urban camel production system in Saudi Arabia
Title: Physico-Chemical and Sensory analysis of Probiotic Dahi Packed in Oxobiodegradable and Areca Nut Sheath Cups
Abstract :A study was carried out to evaluate the probiotic dahi and to develop eco friendly cups using areca nut sheath and to utilize it to store the probiotic dahi. The different packaging materials namely plastic cups (control), oxo-biodegradable cups and areca nut sheath cups were used to evaluate the keeping qualities of probiotic dahi. Physico-chemical properties, microbial qualities and sensory evaluation were carried out on the product stored in different containers. Statistical analysis showed there was no significant difference between different packaging materials. Sensory analysis of probiotic dahi in different packaging materials was carried out. Statistical analysis showed that the appearance and overall acceptability scores significantly differed in different packaging materials. There was no significant difference in flavor, body/texture and sourness score of probiotic dahi in different packaging materials.
Abstract :A study was carried out to evaluate the probiotic dahi and to develop eco friendly cups using areca nut sheath and to utilize it to store the probiotic dahi. The different packaging materials namely plastic cups (control), oxo-biodegradable cups and areca nut sheath cups were used to evaluate the keeping qualities of probiotic dahi. Physico-chemical properties, microbial qualities and sensory evaluation were carried out on the product stored in different containers. Statistical analysis showed there was no significant difference between different packaging materials. Sensory analysis of probiotic dahi in different packaging materials was carried out. Statistical analysis showed that the appearance and overall acceptability scores significantly differed in different packaging materials. There was no significant difference in flavor, body/texture and sourness score of probiotic dahi in different packaging materials.
Title: Effect of Urea on Hematological and Selected Biochemical Parameters of Ggrowing Somali Lambs
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Abstract :
A study was carried out to evaluate the probiotic dahi and to develop eco friendly cups using areca nut sheath and to utilize it to store the probiotic dahi. The different packaging materials namely plastic cups (control), oxo-biodegradable cups and areca nut sheath cups were used to evaluate the keeping qualities of probiotic dahi. Physico-chemical properties, microbial qualities and sensory evaluation were carried out on the product stored in different containers. Statistical analysis showed there was no significant difference between different packaging materials. Sensory analysis of probiotic dahi in different packaging materials was carried out. Statistical analysis showed that the appearance and overall acceptability scores significantly differed in different packaging materials. There was no significant difference in flavor, body/texture and sourness score of probiotic dahi in different packaging materials.
Title: Survey and Performance Evaluation of Malpura Sheep in Farmers’ Flocks of its Native Tract
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Data on growth, wool and milk yield of Malpura sheep maintained under farmers’ flocks in its native tract were recorded and analyzed. In breeding tract of Malpura sheep, more than 80 percent farmer’s family members were found illiterate. The average weight of adult rams was 49.17 ± 0.53 kg and of the lactating ewes was 34.36 ± 0.18 kg. Location significantly affected body height in the all age groups, while for other traits an erratic trend was noticed. The least squares means of body weight at weaning and hoggets stage were 13.09 ± 0.15 and 22.55 ± 0.34 kg, respectively. The wool yield of animal was higher (P<0.01) in March clip (755 g) followed by that in September – October (481 g) and was lowest in July (444 g). The week of lactation significantly affected (P<0.01) daily milk yield and maximum milk yield was in 4th week of lactation. The overall performance of Malpura in farmers’ flock was found satisfactory under prevailing harsh climatic conditions of semi-arid tropics.
Title: Preparation Cost of Patties from Spent Hen Meat
Abstract :Chicken patties from spent hen meat were prepared from a standardized formulation and were extended with optimized level of non meat extenders viz sorghum flour, barley flour and pressed rice flour at 5%, 10% and 5% respectively. Optimization of levels for extenders was done under different experiments based on sensory attributes and those having sensory status closer to control were selected. The cost of patties from spent hen meat after replacement of lean with selected level of non meat extenders were compared among themselves to determine the most economic preparation. It was found that extended patties were cheaper than control patties and among the extended patties least cost was for barley flour extended patties. The cost for sorghum flour extended patties and pressed rice flour extended patties were almost same but these were higher than barley flour extended patties because of higher yield and high level of replacement of lean meat in latter case. Thus it was concluded that formulation with extension of 10% barley flour at the cost of lean meat was most economic among the tested non meat extenders.
Abstract :Chicken patties from spent hen meat were prepared from a standardized formulation and were extended with optimized level of non meat extenders viz sorghum flour, barley flour and pressed rice flour at 5%, 10% and 5% respectively. Optimization of levels for extenders was done under different experiments based on sensory attributes and those having sensory status closer to control were selected. The cost of patties from spent hen meat after replacement of lean with selected level of non meat extenders were compared among themselves to determine the most economic preparation. It was found that extended patties were cheaper than control patties and among the extended patties least cost was for barley flour extended patties. The cost for sorghum flour extended patties and pressed rice flour extended patties were almost same but these were higher than barley flour extended patties because of higher yield and high level of replacement of lean meat in latter case. Thus it was concluded that formulation with extension of 10% barley flour at the cost of lean meat was most economic among the tested non meat extenders.
Title: Epigenetic Reprogramming of Adult Mammalian Cells into Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) - An Emerging Paradigm
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Abstract :
The field of stem-cell biology has been catapulted forward by the startling development of reprogramming technology. The ability to restore pluripotency to somatic cells through the ectopic co-expression of reprogramming factors has created powerful new opportunities for modelling human diseases and offers hope for personalized regenerative cell therapies. Worldwide increases in life expectancy have been paralleled by a greater prevalence of chronic and age-associated disorders, particularly of the cardiovascular, neural and metabolic systems. Patient-specific induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells are an emerging paradigm that may address this. Reprogrammed somatic cells from patients are already applied in disease modelling, drug testing and drug discovery, thus enabling researchers to undertake studies for treating diseases ‘in a dish’, which was previously inconceivable. Although there are currently several strategies to deliver reprogramming factors to induce iPSCs. In this study we have focus is on utilize plasmid vector to reprogramm because of convenience, reasonable efficiency and zero genes fingerprints and xeno free production of iPSCs. This virus-free technique reduces the safety concern for iPScell generation and application, and provides a source of cells for the investigation of the mechanisms underlying reprogramming and pluripotency.
Title: Effect of Phytase Enzyme Supplementation in Low Energy-Protein Layer Diet on Egg Quality Traits
Abstract :An experiment was carried out using 200 hundred Athulya birds divided into 10 treatments (T1-T10) to find out the effect of phytase enzyme on egg quality traits supplemented at 0, 500 and 1000 units/kg in low energy, low protein and low energy- protein layer chicken diets containing available phosphorus of 0.30 per cent from 21 to 40 weeks of age. A standard layer ration was offered to birds in T1. Experimental diets from T2 to T10 were formulated with two levels of crude protein (18 and 16 percent) and two levels of metabolisable energy (2600 and 2400 ME kcal/kg diet). During the laying period the data on egg quality traits viz. Shape index, shell thickness, albumen index, yolk index and Haugh unit score were measured at the end of every four week. The egg quality traits viz., Shell thickness, albumen index, yolk index and Haugh unit score showed significant (P<0.01) difference among treatments. However, shape index value did not reveal any difference.
Abstract :An experiment was carried out using 200 hundred Athulya birds divided into 10 treatments (T1-T10) to find out the effect of phytase enzyme on egg quality traits supplemented at 0, 500 and 1000 units/kg in low energy, low protein and low energy- protein layer chicken diets containing available phosphorus of 0.30 per cent from 21 to 40 weeks of age. A standard layer ration was offered to birds in T1. Experimental diets from T2 to T10 were formulated with two levels of crude protein (18 and 16 percent) and two levels of metabolisable energy (2600 and 2400 ME kcal/kg diet). During the laying period the data on egg quality traits viz. Shape index, shell thickness, albumen index, yolk index and Haugh unit score were measured at the end of every four week. The egg quality traits viz., Shell thickness, albumen index, yolk index and Haugh unit score showed significant (P<0.01) difference among treatments. However, shape index value did not reveal any difference.
Title: Prevalence of Canine Otitis Externa in Jammu
Abstract :To examine dogs with otitis externa in order to study the prevalence of otitis externa in dogs, a study was undertaken on 273 dogs presented at the teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex and Referral Hospital R.S Pura, Central Veterinary Hospital Talab Tillo and private pet clinics in Jammu region during the period starting on August to December (2011). The incidence of otitis externa stood at 21.97 percent (60 cases), from all the skin infections in canine population (273 cases). The influence of age, breed and sex on the incidence of otitis externa was also studied. The results of the study revealed higher occurrence of cases during the month of August (28.33 percent), followed by October (26.66 percent), and the least in December (10.00 percent). The dogs belonging to the age group of 3 years and above showed greater susceptibility (55 percent) to ear afflictions, followed by 1 to 3 year age group (25 percent), and the least (20 percent) in the age group below 1 year. German Shepherds followed by Labrador Retrievers and Cocker Spaniels were the most frequently affected breeds. Male dogs showed greater involvement than females.
Abstract :To examine dogs with otitis externa in order to study the prevalence of otitis externa in dogs, a study was undertaken on 273 dogs presented at the teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex and Referral Hospital R.S Pura, Central Veterinary Hospital Talab Tillo and private pet clinics in Jammu region during the period starting on August to December (2011). The incidence of otitis externa stood at 21.97 percent (60 cases), from all the skin infections in canine population (273 cases). The influence of age, breed and sex on the incidence of otitis externa was also studied. The results of the study revealed higher occurrence of cases during the month of August (28.33 percent), followed by October (26.66 percent), and the least in December (10.00 percent). The dogs belonging to the age group of 3 years and above showed greater susceptibility (55 percent) to ear afflictions, followed by 1 to 3 year age group (25 percent), and the least (20 percent) in the age group below 1 year. German Shepherds followed by Labrador Retrievers and Cocker Spaniels were the most frequently affected breeds. Male dogs showed greater involvement than females.
Title: Seroprevalence of Canine Leishmaniasis in Owned and Stray Dogs from Ggrenada, West Indies
Abstract :The aim of this study was to estimate the seroprevalence of Leishmania antibodies in two populations of dogs (owned and stray) in Grenada, West Indies. Leishmainiasis caused by a hemoflagelate protozoan, is zoonotic disease that affects a wide range of animals including man. Dogs are considered main reservoir for the organism. Antibodies to Leishmania spp were determined in serum samples from 836 dogs (344 stray and 492 owned dogs) using qualitative immunochromatographic dipstick tests (ICTs) based on recombinant antigens specific for visceral leishmaniasis (Kalzar detect rapid test:In Bios, USA). Seropositivity for leishamanis spp. was detected in 23 dogs (2.7%, 95% confidence Interval (CI) 1.06%to 3.8%). Thirteen of these were stray dogs (3.7%) and ten were owned dogs (2.0%). Results from this study indicate that dogs in Grenada are exposed at a low level to leishamaniasis.
Abstract :The aim of this study was to estimate the seroprevalence of Leishmania antibodies in two populations of dogs (owned and stray) in Grenada, West Indies. Leishmainiasis caused by a hemoflagelate protozoan, is zoonotic disease that affects a wide range of animals including man. Dogs are considered main reservoir for the organism. Antibodies to Leishmania spp were determined in serum samples from 836 dogs (344 stray and 492 owned dogs) using qualitative immunochromatographic dipstick tests (ICTs) based on recombinant antigens specific for visceral leishmaniasis (Kalzar detect rapid test:In Bios, USA). Seropositivity for leishamanis spp. was detected in 23 dogs (2.7%, 95% confidence Interval (CI) 1.06%to 3.8%). Thirteen of these were stray dogs (3.7%) and ten were owned dogs (2.0%). Results from this study indicate that dogs in Grenada are exposed at a low level to leishamaniasis.
Title: Effect of Sodium Butyrate Supplementation on Performance, Egg Quality and Bacterial load in the Excreta of Laying Hens
Abstract :supplementation on egg production performance, egg quality, nutrient retention, excreta microflora and blood metabolites in laying hens during late laying cycle. A total of 320 Hy-Line Brown layers (65 wk old) were randomly allotted to 4 treatments on the basis of laying performance. Each treatment had 8 replicates with 10 birds each (80 birds per treatment). Two hens were confined individually with the cage size as 0.2 x 0.2 m. and 10 birds (5 cages) shared a common feed trough between them forming one experimental unit. Dietary treatments were basal diet supplemented with 0 (control), 0.05, 0.10, and 0.20% sodium butyrate. Supplementation of increasing levels of sodium butyrate showed linear reduction (P<0.05) in broken egg percentage. Egg shell strength was linearly improved (P<0.05) with increase in dietary sodium butyrate. Dietary supplementation of increasing levels of sodium butyrate had greater (linear, P<0.05) retention of DM, CP and GE. Hens fed diet supplemented with increasing levels of sodium butyrate had increased (linear, P<0.05) total anaerobic bacteria and Lactobacillus spp. population.
Abstract :supplementation on egg production performance, egg quality, nutrient retention, excreta microflora and blood metabolites in laying hens during late laying cycle. A total of 320 Hy-Line Brown layers (65 wk old) were randomly allotted to 4 treatments on the basis of laying performance. Each treatment had 8 replicates with 10 birds each (80 birds per treatment). Two hens were confined individually with the cage size as 0.2 x 0.2 m. and 10 birds (5 cages) shared a common feed trough between them forming one experimental unit. Dietary treatments were basal diet supplemented with 0 (control), 0.05, 0.10, and 0.20% sodium butyrate. Supplementation of increasing levels of sodium butyrate showed linear reduction (P<0.05) in broken egg percentage. Egg shell strength was linearly improved (P<0.05) with increase in dietary sodium butyrate. Dietary supplementation of increasing levels of sodium butyrate had greater (linear, P<0.05) retention of DM, CP and GE. Hens fed diet supplemented with increasing levels of sodium butyrate had increased (linear, P<0.05) total anaerobic bacteria and Lactobacillus spp. population.
Title: NEWS
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CONGRATULATIONS TO OUR FOUNDER ASSOCIATE EDITOR
Associateship of National Academy of Dairy Science (India) was conferred to Dr. Vikas Vohra, Senior Scientist, National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal (Haryana) on 26th May 2014.