Sialolithiasis the formation of salivary stones due to crystallization of minerals

in saliva. It can cause blockage of salivary ducts and results in painful inflammation or sialadenitis of the salivary gland. The prevalence of sialoliths varies by location. Sialolith in the parotid glands is less common when compared with that of submandibular gland. However over a period of time we observed the greater incidence of parotid sialolithiasis in our institute. This article describes review of literature regarding salivary sialolithiasis and case reports of 3 patients presenting with parotid duct sialolith.

Exostoses of maxilla are nodular protuberance that need to be accurately distinguished from other diagnostically significant lesions. Dermatofibroma is

rare benign fibrous neoplasm mainly involving skin & rarely found in oral cavity. We report a very rare case of Dermatofibroma in a 52- year old female who presented with a well-circumscribed, non tender, asymptomatic swelling in the maxillary anterior region.

The oro-antral communication is a well-documented postoperative complication associated with the extraction of maxillary molar and premolar teeth. Those more than 5 mm in size, in case of infection in the antrum/periodontal region or those present for 3–4 weeks, persist to form fistulae and requires surgical treatment. This article showed successful results with the use of pedicled buccal fat pad in closure of a chronic oro-antral fistula in a 70 year old man even after possible perforation of its capsule. Though it is always advised to preserve the fascial envelope during harvest of buccal fat pad by careful manipulation, small perforations can occur as seen in this case. But it was not seen to effect vascularity and epithelisation of flap perhaps due to small size of perforation. So, even if small perforation occur during harvesting normal healing can occur if proper suturing of fat pad is done over the defect.

The loss of the facial structures can have a physical, social and psychological

impact on those affected. Maxillofacialprostheses which restore and replace

stomatognathic and associated facial structures with artificial substitutes primarily aim to improve the patient aesthetics. In addition it aims to restore and maintain health of the remaining structures and consequently provide a sense of physical and mental well-being to the patient. Anophthalmia can be stigma for the patient and relatives.The ocular prosthesis rehabilitates the patients with anophthalmia in order to promote facial aesthetics, to recover their identity and to insert them in society. Accurate impressions of these tissues facilitate a close adaptation of the custom prosthesis to the tissue bed resulting in better potential for movement by the patient. Treatment of anophthalmia includes implants and acrylic eye prosthesis but because of economic factors implants retained eye prosthesis may not be feasible in all patients. Hence, a custom-made ocular prosthesis is a good alternative. A case of a custom-made ocular prosthesis made using iris of patient’s old prosthesis is presented here, which had acceptable fit, retention and esthetics.

Trauma to the maxillofacial region might be sustained due to road traffic accidents, industrial accidents, assaults, domestic violence, gunshot injuries,

warfare injuries (military setting), and the abuse of children and elderly persons. Facial trauma may be associated with damage to one or more of the

sensory or motor nerves. Systemic & periodic neurological examination of the face is important not only for the primary assessment of the severity of injury in terms of assessment of neurological disability but also to set a criterion as a base line data for the particular patient in order to understand the type & amount of recovery with the passage of time (whether partial or full). Such studies will also help the surgeon in understanding the long term implications of any nerve injuries on the structure & function of the face and whether timely diagnosis and intervention has any improved effect on the long term prognosis of the patient. The following article clearly describes the techniques of examination of cranial nerves I to XII with a pictorial representation.

Osteomas are benign, slow growing tumor arising from the proliferation of cancellous or compact bone. Osteomas have three varieties as central, peripheral and extra skeletal. Central and peripheral osteomas are often seen in the facial bones. Peripheral osteomas arise from the periosteum and are often located in the frontal, ethmoid and maxillary sinus, but its occurrence in the jaws is very rare. They are usually asymptomatic and discovered incidentally while radiological and clinical examinations. Peripheral osteomas of mandible are considered as rare entity and very few cases have been reported in the literature. The pathogenesis of it is imprecise. Some researchers categorise it as a true neoplasm, while others as a developmental anomaly or a reactive repercussions to trauma or infection. Herein, we report a case of peripheral osteoma of the angle region of mandible in a 20-yearold female along with review of literature.