The placenta plays an important role in the exchange of metabolites from the foetal side. Studies concerning the dromedary foetal membranes have been compiled by Morton (1961), Moniem (1968), Musa (1977), Skidmore, Wooding, and Allen, (1996) and Salman (2001). It should be noted that the morphological studies of the dromedary foetal membranes carried out so far were concentrated mainly on gross anatomy and histology, with rather scanty information about their ultrastructure and histochemistry. In Sudan, Salman (2001) has studied the dromedary placenta in detail. However, very little work has been performed on the other foetal membranes. It appears from the literature cited that there is a need for further and detailed histological and histochemical studies on the foetal membranes of the dromedary camel. It is hoped, therefore, that the present investigation will be a contribution to a better knowledge of the structure and function of the various components of the camel foetal membranes and placenta.

A total of 509 faecal samples of all ages and sex from camel population were randomly collected to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with coccidian parasites from hyper arid partially irrigated zone of Rajasthan which comprises of three districts viz. Bikaner, Churu and Jaisalmer during the period from March to December, 2016. An overall prevalence of 13.55% was recorded for coccidiosis in camels with a highly significant difference (p<0.01) among the seasons (summer; 8% and rainy; 8.66 and winter; 21.05%). Quantitative analysis revealed mild to high severity of infections ranging from 100-3700 with an average of 623.33±126.24 oocysts per gram of faeces in the camel population. Two morphotypes of Eimeria sp. were identified are E. cameli and E. dromedrii and E. cameli was the major contributor in coccidia population (71.33%). A comparatively higher prevalence was recorded for Eimeria sp. in female than male camel population.

Camel has been a very important animal in the desert regions and Arab countries. The importance of camel in these regions has been reported for fiber, meat, milk and hides production and transport in harsh and dry conditions. Since, camels have their place in countries economy, ways have to be found to improve their level and efficiency of reproduction and production. The using of biotechnology especially the technique of in vitro maturation is a useful tool in this respect. For that, the goals of this review are to discuss the current Status and controversies of in vitro maturation of camel oocytes.