This exploratory paper aimed to review different articles that explains the integration of Internet Memes in teaching Social Studies as possibilities for developing students’ critical thinking skills. Specifically, it aims to identify such researches which pertain to the relevance of internet memes as a medium for teaching the subject. As well as the significant relationship of it in developing that particular skill. The researcher found out that there are direct relations to the integration of internet memes in teaching, particularly to the development of critical thinking skills in various ways. Therefore, it is a clear manifestation of a new way of improving the skill in adapting to digital age. This suggests a Meme-Based learning method in dealing with students’ cognitive development in the given course.

This study examined the role and challenges faced by the works council in addressing decent work deficits within the agricultural industry in Zimbabwe. The pervasiveness of decent work deficits in organisations within the agricultural industry in the global economy, including in Zimbabwe, remains of major concern. To address this, the research took a qualitative case-study approach in a selected Agribusiness in Zimbabwe. The study involved 18 purposively selected participants, all who are members of the works council (management and workers’ committee), including experts from the human resource and industrial relations department in the organisation. Nine semi-structured interviews were conducted with the management participants and a focus group discussion was held with all the workers’ committee members. The major study findings revealed the presence of decent work deficits in the organisation. The works council members confirmed that the agrarian employees in the organisation face indecent work conditions characterised by insufficient wages, long hours of work, a lack of adequate personal protective clothing and insecurities attached to temporary employment. In addressing these deficits, the works council was found to be incapacitated due in part, to: failure to regularly hold meetings; constant use of threats by management against members of the workers’ committee; and inadequate knowledge and skills particularly on the part of the workers’ committee. It is recommended that the human resources and industrial relations department plays a more active role to ensure the effective functioning of the works council.

Kanadwadi, a village situated in district Sangli of Maharashtra, India, where the bullock owners used to get their bullock’s horn sheared and painted them using chemical paints and applied chemical colors to the body of bullocks during bail pola festival, which is one of the potential causes of horn cancer and also causes skin allergies. Animal Rahat initiated intervention on this issue and involved this particular village community in the entire process, so as to make the process participatory. All the processes including formulation of the problem/ issue, interpretation of the findings, planning and corrective actions were based on the experiences. This process served community needs and created awareness and commitment to find solution within community. As a result of Participatory Action Research (PAR), villagers agreed not to shear the horns, paint them using harmful paints and application of chemical color on their body, hence saving 30 bullocks of their village and around 200 bullocks of nearby villages from potential threat of horn cancer and skin allergy.

Fashion is fast these days, changing everyday every moment, maybe with a new fashion influencer coming on to the business or moreover to the social media. Though fashion is not new to the human civilization and nor its association is new with cities. Cities from the past has acted as grounds to the fashion, which is also possibly right since cities are a hub of Expression and freedom and so is fashion. Since the norms and definition of Fashion is evolving over time, it’s acceptance in the city is becoming a question to worry about. With Gendered clothing norms being smashed each day, cities need to be more acceptable as well as well accessible to all those choices what an Individual makes. But where fashion is accepted universally as an act of expression, its practice today can create many hurdles and barriers for people, who are practicing it. This paper will address majorly the questions, does fashion acts as a barrier in accessing the cities? Does the evolution of fashion demands the cities to response in the similar way? Does the existing fashion trends needs special address to the Infrastructural needs in the city?

Growing up from the (Tribal Stage) system, only a few ethnic groups isolated in the geographical environment (Geographies Environment) are left behind in ethnic life. Following the same pattern of civilization, as they did in ancient times, they live in isolation in the wilderness or in the mountains of the modern world. They are said to be centuries old as they were the first settlers to inhabit the land.

The Persian Zoroastrians who got refuge in India to protect themselves from Islamic persecution are well known as Parsis. Parsi is an ethno-religious community in India and are striving for their existence in contemporary society. Due to low birth rates, low marital fertility, inter-religion marriages the population is dwindling rapidly. The present study was conducted with an aim to understand the intra communal reasons for decrease in population and effect of migration on the ritual practices. The findings revealed that the dwindling numbers of Parsis is due to the negligence, less communal bonding and force among the people of the community. Also, the orthodox notion of blood purity has restricted community to accept the children of inter-religion marriages to follow the faith. In conclusion, the faith will tend to survive but Parsis will not and the population will tend to decline.

In the present paper an attempt has made to study women empowerment through SHGs in three dimensions in rural Andhra Pradesh. Among all the 13 Districts of Andhra Pradesh, three districts of North Coastal Andhra Pradesh were selected as sample area for the study. Multi stage random sampling method is used for selecting sample units. The selection process carried out in four stages; relating to districts, mandals, villages and households. The primary data collected from 600 households were selected from the 24 villages of the 6 selected mandals from all the 3 North Coastal Districts of Andhra Pradesh. The opinion of SHG members collected with Likert’s five point scaling technique on 10 indicators for each to dimension of Social, Economic and Political issues relating to empowerment. To find out whether the participation in SHG programs has led to empower or not, Empowerment Index is calculated separately for Old Self-Help Groups (OSHGs) and New Self-Help Groups (NSHGs) and made comparison. Descriptive analysis along with Chi-square test, F-test and Z-test are used for fruitful inferences. The Results revealed that the OSHG members are observed better empowered when compared to NSHG in socio, economic and political dimensions. Further the study confirmed that as member in SHGs for long time helps to improve the women empowerment.

The study presents the results of a survey experiment aimed at assessing the level of life satisfaction for rural north Indians and captures the determinants in deciding one’s satisfaction level. The study hypothesised human, material and social capital plays a significant role in determining one’s level of life satisfaction. The study uses individual data from the Sanitation Quality, Use, Access and Trends (SQUAT) survey collected in rural Bihar, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, and Uttar Pradesh in 2013–14 from India. The study estimates first, proportional odds logistic regression, followed by Generalised Ordinal Logistic regression techniques. It is evident from the analysis that the overall PO assumption, as well as separate PO assumptions for most of the variables, is violated and, in that case, generalised ordinal logistic regression may provide a better model. From the analysis, it is very clear that for rural north Indians the level of life satisfaction is most affected by health status, possession of agricultural land,and administrative environment of villages (e.g., functioning of Panchayats).

The Government of India had taken many developmental initiatives in the early years of independence and Hirakud Dam project was one among them, which was claimed as a milestone at that juncture and designed to serve multiple purposes of a substantial population in the State of the than Odisha. The initial phase of land acquisition and people displacement for the project was trouble ridden. The affected people staged agitations and shown their unwillingness for construction of dam on the river Mahanadi at Hirakud, Sambalpur. Despite of people resistance and indifferences they were persuaded for the greater causes and displaced with the assurance of immediate rehabilitation and adequate compensation for their sacrifices. In this paper an attempt has been done to make an account of existing circumstances and which also reveals the facts that there is serious abdication of the responsibility on the part of both, the Regional Government and Central Government. It is found that a large number of oustees of the project have not been restored and rehabilitated yet, even after nearly 75 years past to the commencement of the project. The nature of deprivation, stigma and social disintegration caused by displacement is found to be profound and widespread among the substantial population of Dam’s oustees. The displaced have started developing a sense of distrust and hopelessness with a grave sense of disappointment and allegation against government. Lack of proper compensations and rehabilitation by the government has forced the displaced people to move to different places to settle themselves on their own initiatives. The recent attempts of measures by the Regional Government have been failed repeatedly simply because of inadequate approaches of government machineries. It is suggested that there are needs of more rigorous and holistic approaches of the State power to settle the long standing issue in a comprehensive manner.

This paper examines the growth status of unorganised food processing enterprises (UFPEs) in India based on the latest NSSO Unit level data of the 67th (2010-11) and 73rd (2015-16) rounds. Food processing is an important activity in unorganised manufacturing sector in India. UFPEs occupied 12% share in unorganised manufacturing sector in 2015-16. It is found that the number of UFPEs and their employment increased significantly during 2010-11 to 2015-16. Among eight different activities of UFPEs, grain mill activities occupied the largest share in respect of enterprise as well as employment. Labour productivity of urban located UFPEs was higher in all activities except animal feeds and processing of fruits & vegetables. Whereas among all activities, the average labour productivity was higher in animal feeds, processing of fish and edible oil product enterprises. Among UFPEs the percentage shares of expanding and stagnating enterprises were 32.2% and 42.1% respectively in 2010-11. In 2015-16, the share of expanding and stagnating enterprises reduced marginally. The multinomial logit regression of growth status shows that the type of an enterprise, its nature, availability of loan, maintenance of accountant and the rate of profit significantly affects the growth status of an enterprise

Employees are the most precious and important resource of an organization. The goal of Employees Assistance Programme is to identify the problem of employees and help the employees to solve their problems either directly or through referral process. Hence EAP can be considered indispensable for organizational sustainability. During 1940 the concept of Employee’s Assistance in Industries was emerged with a vision of treating the problems of alcoholism among employees. Afterwards the other psycho-social problems of employees such as family problems, mental health problems, substance abuse, marital problems, parenting problems, emotional problems have been incorporated in EAP. At present in India and worldwide EAP becomes inevitable process to deal with such problems of employees including issues of protecting human right, prevention of workplace discrimination and exploitations. Evidence says that social work tools like counselling, home visits, solution focused brief therapy, strength perspective, crisis intervention, feminist perspective, social group work, social case work and community organization methods are being used to ensure effective results in EAP which proves the significance of Social Work intervention in ensuring successful EAP in industries.

This article is about political scenario of early Edo period and successfully controlling over feudal coalition of local lords and various control measures of Tokugawa system. Beginning with the Onin War, Japan slipped into the century of sporadic civil war known as Sengokujidai or Warring State period in which local feudal lords (daimyo) ignored the shogunate and the imperial court and struggled with each other for local hegemony. From the mid-16th century, a movement towards national reunification gradually emerged out of the violence of the warring feudal domains and was carried through by three powerful hegemons, and they were successful in controlling the feudal coalition. The main objective of this paper is to investigate the effective role and policies of Tokugawa system. This paper focuses how the feudal coalition was controlled and features of control measures adopted by Tokugawa Japan and effectively maintained the political status quo, but at the same time they promoted economic changes that slowly undermined the Tokugawa order.

Water is an indispensable part of settlements and the human ecosystem. From the past, the civilizations have grown on the banks of rivers all over the globe providing drinking water, convenient transportation channels, and abundant natural landscapes and causing moderate temperature. Thus the river is this cities’ most valuable natural resource”. With the rapid urbanization, these natural ecosystems have been degraded immensely based on the growth potential of the settlements and have affected the population. India has seen an incredible growth in urban population over the last few decades and its urban population has grown 14-fold from 1901 to 2011. The growing population has a large impact on the natural ecosystem and urban water. The paper draws attention to one of the prevalent case study of Vishwamitri river in Vadodara, and how rapid changes in an urban area has affected the ecology of the river with a special focus on Becharji Nala, its consequences while recognizing the environmental legislation and recommends prompt considerations for defining the best protection procedures.